A pond and water feature specialist constructs and maintains garden water features - from informal wildlife ponds with natural planting to formal geometric pools, raised koi ponds, waterfalls, streams and rill features. Good water feature construction requires careful attention to liner specification and installation, pump and filter sizing, electrical connections, and aquatic planting schemes. A specialist will also advise on long-term maintenance requirements and wildlife value.
What they do
- Design garden ponds and water features to suit site, budget and wildlife goals
- Excavate pond basins and grade marginal shelves
- Install butyl rubber or EPDM pond liners with underlay protection
- Build raised pond walls in brick, stone or render
- Install submersible and external pond pumps and pipework
- Size and fit biological and UV filter systems for fish ponds
- Create streams, waterfalls and rill features
- Install pre-formed fibreglass ponds and formal stone water features
- Select and plant marginal, oxygenating and floating aquatic plants
- Introduce fish, advise on stocking levels and provide ongoing maintenance
When you need one
A pond or water feature transforms a garden but requires correct construction to avoid liner failure, leaks or pump problems - a specialist ensures it works from day one.
Typical costs (UK, 2025)
| Job type | Typical cost |
|---|---|
| Wildlife pond (small, up to 6 sq m) | £1,500 - £3,500 |
| Koi pond (purpose-built with filter) | £5,000 - £20,000+ |
| Formal raised pool (brick/stone) | £3,000 - £8,000 |
| Waterfall or stream feature | £2,000 - £6,000 |
| Pond re-liner | £800 - £2,500 |
| External filter system installation | £400 - £1,500 |
Koi pond costs vary enormously with size, filter specification and finish - a serious koi keeper should budget £10,000+ for a pond that can maintain water quality with a high fish load. Always size the filter for at least double the calculated fish load.
Qualifications to look for
Formal horticultural training (RHS, City and Guilds) demonstrates knowledge of aquatic planting schemes and ecological pond design - particularly relevant for wildlife ponds.
Any electrical connections for pond pumps, lighting or heating must be installed by a qualified electrician registered with a Part P competent persons scheme such as NICEIC or NAPIT.
How to find a reputable pond and water feature specialist
Frequently asked questions
Do I need planning permission for a garden pond?
A domestic garden pond is generally permitted development and does not require planning permission in England unless you are in a conservation area, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, or the pond is in the front garden of a dwelling. Very large ponds or those on commercial or agricultural land may have different rules. Always check with your local planning authority if you are unsure.
How do I keep my pond water clear?
Clear pond water requires a balance of good filtration, appropriate plant coverage (aiming for 50-60% surface coverage of aquatic plants), correct stocking density for fish, UV clarifier treatment for algae control, and regular removal of debris. A quality biological filter sized for the volume of water and fish load is essential - undersized or poorly maintained filters are the most common cause of green, murky water. Ponds with no fish and good planting can often maintain clarity naturally.
What is the minimum depth for a wildlife pond?
A wildlife pond benefits from a range of depths - at least one area of 600mm (60cm) depth ensures the pond does not freeze solid in winter, which can kill overwintering invertebrates and amphibians. Shallower marginal zones of 0-200mm support marginal aquatic plants and provide access for amphibians. Gently sloping sides make it easier for wildlife to enter and exit the pond safely.