A contaminated land specialist is a CGeol or CIWEM-qualified professional who investigates the presence of contamination in ground and groundwater, assesses the risk to human health and the environment, and designs remediation strategies to make sites safe for development. Contamination assessments are required by planning authorities as a condition of planning permission on brownfield sites, former industrial land and many urban development sites. The work typically follows a phased approach from desk study through to verification of completed remediation.
What they do
- Carry out Phase 1 desk studies and walkover surveys
- Design and supervise Phase 2 ground investigations (trial pits and boreholes)
- Collect and arrange laboratory analysis of soil and water samples
- Prepare risk assessments using industry-standard generic assessment criteria
- Prepare remediation strategies and method statements
- Supervise remediation works on site
- Prepare verification reports confirming remediation is complete
- Liaise with local authority environmental health and Environment Agency
When you need one
A contaminated land specialist is required whenever development on or near previously used land is proposed, or when planning conditions require contamination investigation.
Typical costs (UK, 2025)
| Service | Typical cost |
|---|---|
| Phase 1 desk study | £600 - £1,500 |
| Phase 2 site investigation (trial pits) | £2,000 - £5,000 |
| Phase 2 with boreholes | £4,000 - £12,000+ |
| Remediation strategy report | £800 - £2,500 |
| Verification report | £600 - £1,500 |
| Remediation works | Price on application |
Remediation costs vary enormously depending on the type, extent and depth of contamination. Obtain quotes from at least two specialists. Allow contingency for unexpected findings during Phase 2 investigation.
Qualifications to look for
The primary qualification for contaminated land specialists. Requires a geology or related degree, at least five years' relevant experience and a professional peer review. Check membership at geolsoc.org.uk.
Also recognised for contaminated land and groundwater specialists. CIWEM members working in contaminated land typically have backgrounds in environmental science, chemistry or geology.
A professional network within the Geological Society for specialists working in contaminated land. Members are actively engaged in the sector and follow current guidance including the Land Contamination Risk Management framework.
How to find a reputable contaminated land specialist
Frequently asked questions
What is a Phase 1 contaminated land assessment?
A desk study that reviews historical maps, environmental databases and site visit observations to identify potential sources of contamination. It produces a conceptual site model and recommends whether a Phase 2 physical investigation is needed. Most planning authorities require a Phase 1 as a minimum for development on or near former industrial land.
How does contamination affect a mortgage?
Lenders may require confirmation that a site is not significantly contaminated before offering a mortgage. A Phase 1 or Phase 2 assessment and a clean-up if necessary may be required to satisfy lenders. This is particularly common for properties on or near former industrial, commercial or military land, and for homes in areas with known contamination history.
What is remediation?
The process of removing, treating or containing contamination to make a site safe for its intended use. Methods include excavation and off-site disposal, in-situ chemical or biological treatment, bioremediation and engineered containment depending on the nature and extent of contamination. A verification report is produced after remediation to confirm the site meets the agreed clean-up targets.